Distraction directs a patient’s attention to something else and thus can reduce awareness of pain and even increase tolerance. By introducing meaningful stimuli, the nurse helps the patient refocus attention. Assess the patient’s cognitive ability to determine the appropriateness of PCA pain management.ĭistraction is a technique that diverts an individual’s attention away from the pain sensation. Operators may incorrectly program the dose, concentration, or rate. The pump may fail to deliver drug on demand, may have a faulty alarm or a low battery, or may lack free-flow protection. Use of a PCA pump does not prevent mistakes. Instruct the family not to push the timing device for the patient unless the patient is unable to push the button himself, and the nurse has instructed the family to do so. Patients may misunderstand how PCA therapy works, may mistake the PCA button for the nurse call button, or may have family members who operate the demand button. Potential concerns involving PCA use are pump failure, and operator errors. Because the blood level is maintained within a narrow range of the minimum effective analgesia concentration for the individual, pain relief is enhanced, and the incidence of side effects, such as sedation and respiratory depression, is decreased. PCA allows more constant serum levels of the opioid, and, as a result, it avoids the peaks and troughs of a large bolus.
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